Addicted to Curry

I love to eat. To be more specific, I love to eat curry rice. I also love to cook, just not too often. 😉 My first attempt at making this curry was a failure, since I didn’t mix the roux well enough. But the second attempt was golden and it also allowed me to polish the recipe. The godly taste forever engraved into my brain and sometimes it haunts me in my dreams, making me drool! 😀

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Today I am going to share my recipe with you, boys and girls. So you, too, will become addicted to curry and have disturbing dreams, craving that soft yet unforgettable taste!

/cue maniac laughter/

Now, let’s get to work!

Things you'll need: butter, oil (olive, canola, whatever), flour, curry powder, pepper powders (black, cayenne or ghost), tomato paste/sauce, worcestershire sauce, onion, garlic, chicken, shrimp, carrots, potatoes, salt, water. A large pot for curry (4L is fine), a small sauce pan for roux.
 

Roux:

    3 tablespoons butter
    1/4 cup (4 tbsp) flour
    2 tablespoons curry powder
    1/5 tablespoon kayenne pepper powder
    1/5 tablespoon black pepper powder
    1 tablespoon tomato sauce
    1 tablespoon worcestershire sauce

Tips: Heat levels depend on types of pepper powder used. To add some nuclear power, experment with the amounts of kayenne (ghost pepper, etc) & black pepper, say, make ½ tbsp each.

In a small saucepan, melt the butter over medium low heat. When the butter is completely melted, add the flour. Stir to combine the butter and flour. Soon the butter and flour fuse and swell. Do not stop stirring because the roux will easily burn. After the roux will turn to light brown color (usually takes 5-10 mins for me), add the curry powder, kayenne pepper, black pepper, tomato paste and worcestershire. Cook and stir for 30 seconds and remove from the heat.

Curry:

    2 teaspoons (or 1 tbsp) oil
    1 white onion, peeled and sliced in quarters
    2 garlic cloves, sliced long ways
    800 g chicken, cut into chunks
    400 g tiger shrimp, peeled and whole
    4 cups water
    2 medium to big carrots, sliced into round chunks
    2 big potatoes (or up to 6 small depending on size), peeled and sliced into square chunks
    2 teaspoons salt
    1 teaspoon curry powder

In a large pot, heat up oil. Add sliced onion and garlic. Saute for about 20 minutes on medium low, stirring constantly. Do not cook any of this with high heat. The onions and garlic will burn really easy. Slow and low is the key. Once garlic is golden brown, add chicken and stir until all chicken is white on each side. Add water and bring to a boil over medium high. Add carrots, potatoes, shrimps, salt and curry powder. Cover and simmer for 15 minutes on medium low, stirring occasionally.

Tip: Cooking rice will take 15-20 mins. So start cooking it while you let your curry simmer.

Once potatoes are soft enough to cut with ease, it’s time to add the roux. Reduce heat to low. Take some broth from the curry and add it into the roux, stirring until it is all liquid. Pour the mix back into the curry boil, stirring constantly until all the roux has been added. Keep stirring until all the roux has dissolved, leaving a thick, dark yellow curry mix. Remove from heat and let sit for 5 minutes. Serve with rice.

#Bon appétit !

Habitable Zone: Multiple Star Systems (Model Included)

Greetings and hope you have a wonderful new year!

I haven’t posted anything in a while because I’m really busy with my third story, yet I found a nice thing to bring to my readers and continue this blog’s thematic tradition. So this month’s and year’s first post will be about calculating the habitable zone of multiple star systems.

The habitability of a planet depends on many factors, including size, atmospheric composition, and orbital dynamics of the planet. In addition to that it also depends on the total flux received at the top of the planet’s atmosphere and the stellar multiplicity plays an important role in determining the range and location of the system’s habitable zone.

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Surveys of star-forming regions have indicated that approximately 70% of all stars in our galaxy are in binary or multiple star systems (Batten et al. 1989), so naturally such abundance raised the question that whether multi-star planetary systems can be habitable.

Depending on their surface temperatures and orbital characteristics, each star of the system will have a different contribution to the total flux at the location of the planet.

A comprehensive methodology and an interactive website for calculating the habitable zone (HZ) of multiple star systems is described in the recent paper. There you’ll find the details of the methods and their application to some of the multiple star systems detected by the Kepler space telescope, as well as instructions for using their interactive website with the habzone calculator. Its capabilities are demonstrated by calculating the HZ for two interesting analytical solutions of the three-body problem.

A Race to the Mountain Top

On days when I’m in good health, I proceed with my quest to write the third book.

Sixty thousand words seem like a small amount to some, especially to those who had written epic-sized novels, yet in my realm of novellas (and, maybe, short novels) every word has a weight of ten, and must be used with a precision of a sniper. There are good reasons I keep it short: the costs of editing the big thing and the lack of energy required to work with a huge text. The latter, purely physical factor, played the key role in writing a 130k story in three parts, and not at once. Okay, it also felt like it should be in three parts, and not one piece of a monster novel.

So here I am with a brief outline for the third book, Perseverance. The outline is a list of events and outcomes from the events of the previous story parts. It is not set in stone, but it is a useful item to have.

Outline-FalahasJourney-book3sm

I usually never go beyond the list-type thing, simply pantsing the rest. I have the first chapter (episode) and the last one already written. I can proceed with the rest now, hoping through my list of things to play with.

How far, how soon is the mountain summit–I have no idea. But I know well the story I want to tell. In the end it’s all that matters.

Volcanology for Worldbuilders

I’m revising my planetary map, so I decided to take a better look at what’s cooking inside the earth and how planet interiors interact with everything else. The course I had enrolled into, Volcanic Eruptions: a material science, started today, and after watching the first lecture, I expect it will be useful (at least in some parts) for mapmakers and planet-builders (yes, even to those who are fantasy writers.) All you have to do is watch the lectures online or download them (and take the final exam to get a certificate if you want to.)

The course runs 10 weeks and its syllabus is as follows:

Week 1: The Earth as a living planet: The five big extinctions during Phanerozoic times; Volcanic fatalities; Volcanism in the solar system; Volcanism on Earth; The essence of volcanism.

Week 2: The Earth as a living planet; Volcanoes on Earth: magnitudes and landforms; Explosive and effusive volcanism; Videos of Merapi and Etna volcanoes; Volcanic materials; mineralogy and fragment classification; Chemical and mineralogical classification.

Week 3: Structure of molten silicates: Chemical composition; Stability and geological properties (an overview on viscosity/viscoelasticity; density, expansivity/compressibility; Volatiles solubilities, diffusivities, heat capacity, redox equilibria); Structure of molten silicates.

Week 4: Dynamics of molten silicates; Glass and molten silicates; Molar heat, Enthalpy: Strain vs. time; Cooling vs. heating paths; Maxwell relations for viscoelasticity; Resistivity and viscosity; Relaxation times and implications for experiments.

Week 5: Relaxation in silicate melts; Longitudinal vs. shear viscosity; Glass transition; Quench rate, relaxation time and viscosity; The role of water content, water speciation, pressure and temperature; Details of water speciation from experimental data.

Week 6: Diffusion in silicate melts; water content and water speciation (cont.); Diffusion in contrasting silicate melts; The role of temperature; Comparing diffusion of different elements; The role of pressure; Simplified Stokes-Einstein and Eyring equations; Relaxation times (comparison between different compositions at different temperatures).

Week 7: Expansivity and compressibility in silicate melts; Partial molar volumes; Density: equation of state for liquid silicates; Density determinations and calculations above and below glass transition; Density models for anhydrous granitic system.

Week 8: Viscosity of silicate melts; Calibration of reaction kinetics for speciation (e.g. H2O); Prediction of glass transition: temperature, thermodynamic and kinetic; Methiods of viscosity measurements; Arrheynius and non-Arrheynius plots; Viscosity-temperature relationships; Peraluminous and metaluminous (calcalkaline) melts; Adam Gibbs model: entropy of mixing; Multicomponet models with water and fluor.

Week 9: Fragmentation of magmas. The process chain: What is a volcano doing?

Week 10: Impact and relevance, Volcanoes and Mankind; Hazards mitigation.

It might seem scary to some, but all you need is a basic understanding of physics, chemistry, and mathematics.

Come, join the fun! 😉